Diseases
A 19-year-old student of 10th class was admitted to our ward with a history of recurrent abnormal movements, confusion and altered state of consciousness for 2 years. While attending school, he was unable to concentrate and developed mental cloudiness after 12:00 PM in school almost every day. These symptoms persisted and were ignored by the …
Young Boy with Recurrent Abnormal Movements And Confusion Read More »
This presentation about the important causes and symptoms of hypercalcemia has been prepared by our post-graduate resident Dr. Tayyaba Noor. Approach to Hypercalcemia – Introduction: Calcium is one of the most abundant minerals in the human body and it has many important biological functions. 1000-2000 g of Calcium is present normally in the human body …
7 Causes and Symptoms of Hypercalcemia You Should Know Read More »
Pulsus paradoxus is an exaggerated fall in a patient’s systolic blood pressure during inspiration by greater than 10 mm Hg. The fall in systolic blood pressure during inspiration in normal individuals is less than 10 mmHg. How to check for pulses paradoxus? Pulsus paradoxus is not checked as you check for radial, brachial, or carotid …
Symptoms of Blood cancer are usually subtle and missed. Certain symptoms may point towards the disease and should not be taken lightly if present. Blood cancer means leukemias. Leukemias are classified as acute or chronic leukemia. Acute leukemia can be either myeloid leukemia or lymphoblastic leukemia. Chronic leukemia can be chronic myeloid leukemia or chronic …
What is osteoporosis? It is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and a consequent increase in the risk of fracture. The Wolrd Health Organization (WHO) defines osteoporosis as a bone density that falls 2.5 standard deviations (sd) below the mean for young healthy …
Metabolic syndrome is also called “syndrome X” and “insulin resistance syndrome”. It consists of metabolic abnormalities that increase the risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus. The main features of the metabolic syndrome are: Central obesity Hypertriglyceridemia Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol Hyperglycemia Hypertension Prevalence of Metabolic syndrome: The highest recorded prevalence …
Difficulty in walking may be secondary to a disorder in the joints, muscles, peripheral nerves, or a central cause. This is a story of our patient who presented with vertigo and walking difficulty for the past six months. This patient has no comorbid conditions like Diabetes, Hypertension, or Cardiovascular diseases. He noticed that while walking, …
Dengue Fever was previously (and even now) known for the classic symptoms of high-grade fever with severe body aches. The term “Bone-Breaking Fever” was derived because of the severe pains associated with it. However, with each epidemic, patients who get infected, acquire life-long immunity to one strain but at the same time become more hypersensitive …
Dengue Fever Symptoms and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Read More »
Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterized by generalized body swelling as a result of proteins loss in the urine. Before discussing the key points in the diagnosis and management of nephrotic syndrome, I present here a case scenario of our patient who was admitted with generalized body swelling in our ward. A young male …
Meningitis is inflammation of the membranes covering the brain called meninges. It usually follows a bloodstream infection, pneumonia, pelvic and urinary tract infection, and upper respiratory tract infection. Meningitis may be caused by bacterial, fungal, tuberculous, or viral infections. The most common bacteria causing meningitis in adults is streptococcus pneumonia. In newborns, E.coli is the …
Meningitis – an overview of the symptoms and signs! Read More »